Historical Background and Concepts of Extrajudicial Killings
Keywords:
Extrajudicial killings, Human rights violations, Police encounters, Judicial process, Rule of law, Law enforcement accountability, Constitutional rights, Criminal justice system, Public perception, Political influence, Systemic failures, Police brutality, Legal reforms, Democracy and justice, International human rights standardsAbstract
Extrajudicial killings, which involve the unlawful execution of individuals without due legal process, have emerged as a significant human rights issue worldwide, particularly in India. This research explores their historical evolution, root causes, and socio-political impact, shedding light on their frequency, justifications, and repercussions. It examines India’s legal framework, including constitutional safeguards, judicial perspectives, and the role of law enforcement agencies in such encounters. Additionally, the study analyses key contributing factors, such as public sentiment, political influence, and systemic shortcomings—ranging from occupational stress and inadequate police training to low conviction rates—that have contributed to the normalisation of these illegal acts.
The research also investigates how extrajudicial killings undermine democracy, the rule of law, and human rights, drawing attention to high-profile cases that have sparked national discourse. It critically examines the ethical and legal complexities surrounding police encounters and their broader implications for the justice system. Emphasising the need for stringent legal oversight, accountability measures, and comprehensive police reforms, the study advocates for stronger adherence to constitutional and international human rights principles.
Ultimately, this study underscores the urgency of transforming public and political perspectives on extrajudicial killings and highlights the necessity of institutional reforms to promote justice, transparency, and the fundamental right to life.
